Extended services are only supported when accessing the Zebra server using the Z39.50 protocol. The SRU protocol does not support extended services.
    The extended services are not enabled by default in zebra - due to the
    fact that they modify the system. Zebra can be configured
    to allow anybody to
    search, and to allow only updates for a particular admin user
    in the main zebra configuration file zebra.cfg.
    For user admin, you could use:
    
     perm.anonymous: r
     perm.admin: rw
     passwd: passwordfile
    
    And in the password file
    passwordfile, you have to specify users and
    encrypted passwords as colon separated strings.
    Use a tool like htpasswd
    to maintain the encrypted passwords.
    
     admin:secret
    It is essential to configure Zebra to store records internally, and to support modifications and deletion of records:
     storeData: 1
     storeKeys: 1
    The general record type should be set to any record filter which is able to parse XML records, you may use any of the two declarations (but not both simultaneously!)
     recordType: dom.filter_dom_conf.xml
     # recordType: grs.xml
    Notice the difference to the specific instructions
     recordType.xml: dom.filter_dom_conf.xml
     # recordType.xml: grs.xml
    
    which only work when indexing XML files from the filesystem using
    the *.xml naming convention.
   
To enable transaction safe shadow indexing, which is extra important for this kind of operation, set
     shadow: directoryname: size (e.g. 1000M)
    See Section 2, “The Zebra Configuration File” for additional information on these configuration options.
It is not possible to carry information about record types or similar to Zebra when using extended services, due to limitations of the Z39.50 protocol. Therefore, indexing filters can not be chosen on a per-record basis. One and only one general XML indexing filter must be defined.
The Z39.50 standard allows servers to accept special binary extended services protocol packages, which may be used to insert, update and delete records into servers. These carry control and update information to the servers, which are encoded in seven package fields:
Table 6.1. Extended services Z39.50 Package Fields
| Parameter | Value | Notes | 
|---|---|---|
| type | 'update' | Must be set to trigger extended services | 
| action | string | Extended service action type with
         one of four possible values: recordInsert,recordReplace,recordDelete,
         andspecialUpdate | 
| record | XML string | An XML formatted string containing the record | 
| syntax | 'xml' | XML/SUTRS/MARC. GRS-1 not supported. The default filter (record type) as given by recordType in zebra.cfg is used to parse the record. | 
| recordIdOpaque | string | Optional client-supplied, opaque record identifier used under insert operations. | 
| recordIdNumber  | positive number | Zebra's internal system number,
         not allowed for recordInsertorspecialUpdateactions which result in fresh
         record inserts. | 
| databaseName | database identifier | The name of the database to which the extended services should be applied. | 
     The action parameter can be any of
     recordInsert (will fail if the record already exists),
     recordReplace (will fail if the record does not exist),
     recordDelete (will fail if the record does not
     exist), and
     specialUpdate (will insert or update the record
     as needed, record deletion is not possible).
    
     During all actions, the
     usual rules for internal record ID generation apply, unless an
     optional recordIdNumber Zebra internal ID or a
     recordIdOpaque string identifier is assigned.
     The default ID generation is
     configured using the recordId: from
     zebra.cfg.
     See Section 2, “The Zebra Configuration File”.
    
     Setting of the recordIdNumber parameter,
     which must be an existing Zebra internal system ID number, is not
     allowed during any  recordInsert or
     specialUpdate action resulting in fresh record
     inserts.
    
     When retrieving existing
     records indexed with GRS-1 indexing filters, the Zebra internal
     ID number is returned in the field
     /*/id:idzebra/localnumber in the namespace
     xmlns:id="http://www.indexdata.dk/zebra/",
     where it can be picked up for later record updates or deletes.
    
     A new element set for retrieval of internal record
     data has been added, which can be used to access minimal records
     containing only the recordIdNumber Zebra
     internal ID, or the recordIdOpaque string
     identifier. This works for any indexing filter used.
     See Section 4, “Retrieval of Zebra internal record data”.
    
     The recordIdOpaque string parameter
     is an client-supplied, opaque record
     identifier, which may be  used under
     insert, update and delete operations. The
     client software is responsible for assigning these to
     records.      This identifier will
     replace zebra's own automagic identifier generation with a unique
     mapping from recordIdOpaque to the
     Zebra internal recordIdNumber.
     The opaque recordIdOpaque string
      identifiers
      are not visible in retrieval records, nor are
      searchable, so the value of this parameter is
      questionable. It serves mostly as a convenient mapping from
      application domain string identifiers to Zebra internal ID's.
     
    
We can now start a yaz-client admin session and create a database:
      
      $ yaz-client localhost:9999 -u admin/secret
      Z> adm-create
      
     
     Now the Default database was created,
     we can insert an XML file (esdd0006.grs
     from example/gils/records) and index it:
     
      
      Z> update insert id1234 esdd0006.grs
      
     
     The 3rd parameter - id1234 here -
     is the  recordIdOpaque package field.
    
Actually, we should have a way to specify "no opaque record id" for yaz-client's update command.. We'll fix that.
The newly inserted record can be searched as usual:
      
      Z> f utah
      Sent searchRequest.
      Received SearchResponse.
      Search was a success.
      Number of hits: 1, setno 1
      SearchResult-1: term=utah cnt=1
      records returned: 0
      Elapsed: 0.014179
      
     
     Let's delete the beast, using the same
     recordIdOpaque string parameter:
     
      
      Z> update delete id1234
      No last record (update ignored)
      Z> update delete 1 esdd0006.grs
      Got extended services response
      Status: done
      Elapsed: 0.072441
      Z> f utah
      Sent searchRequest.
      Received SearchResponse.
      Search was a success.
      Number of hits: 0, setno 2
      SearchResult-1: term=utah cnt=0
      records returned: 0
      Elapsed: 0.013610
      
     
     If shadow register is enabled in your
     zebra.cfg,
     you must run the adm-commit command
     
      
      Z> adm-commit
      
     after each update session in order write your changes from the shadow to the life register space.
Extended services are also available from the YAZ PHP client layer. An example of an YAZ-PHP extended service transaction is given here:
      
      $record = '<record><title>A fine specimen of a record</title></record>';
      $options = array('action' => 'recordInsert',
      'syntax' => 'xml',
      'record' => $record,
      'databaseName' => 'mydatabase'
      );
      yaz_es($yaz, 'update', $options);
      yaz_es($yaz, 'commit', array());
      yaz_wait();
      if ($error = yaz_error($yaz))
      echo "$error";
      
     
When debugging ES over PHP we recommend the following order of tests:
Make sure you have a nice record on your filesystem, which you can index from the filesystem by use of the zebraidx command. Do it exactly as you planned, using one of the GRS-1 filters, or the DOMXML filter. When this works, proceed.
       Check that your server setup is OK before you even coded one single
       line PHP using ES.
       Take the same record form the file system, and send as ES via
       yaz-client like described in
       Section 10.2, “Extended services from yaz-client”,
       and
       remember the -a option which tells you what
       goes over the wire! Notice also the section on permissions:
       try
       
        perm.anonymous: rw
       
       in zebra.cfg to make sure you do not run into
       permission  problems (but never expose such an insecure setup on the
       internet!!!). Then, make sure to set the general
       recordType instruction, pointing correctly
       to the GRS-1 filters,
       or the DOMXML filters.
      
       If you insist on using the sysno in the
       recordIdNumber setting,
       please make sure you do only updates and deletes. Zebra's internal
       system number is not allowed for
       recordInsert or
       specialUpdate actions
       which result in fresh record inserts.
      
       If shadow register is enabled in your
       zebra.cfg, you must remember running the
       
        Z> adm-commit
       command as well.
If this works, then proceed to do the same thing in your PHP script.